Aids 1 essays

Helps 1 expositions Helps Related Stigma Since the presence of AIDS in the late seventies and mid eighties, the illness has had joined to it a huge social disgrace. This shame has showed itself as segregation, evasion and dread of individuals living with AIDS (PLWAs). Therefore, the social ramifications of the sickness have been stretched out from those of other hazardous conditions forthright at which PLWAs are confronted with a terminal disease as well as social disengagement and steady segregation all through society. Different clarifications have been proposed with regards to the hidden reasons for this vilification. Numerous examinations point to the relationship the malady has with degenerate conduct. Others recommend that dread of disease is the real guilty party. Analyzing the current writing and placing it into cultural setting persuades that there is nobody cause. Rather, there would seem, by all accounts, to be an assortment of related variables that impact societys perspectives towards AIDS and PLWAs. As the quantity of individuals contaminated with HIV builds, social laborers are and will be progressively called upon to manage and serve PLWAs. In spite of the fact that not every single social specialist decided to work with PLWAs, the heightening frequency of HIV contamination is making a circumstance in which sera constructive individuals are and will appear all the more frequently in practically all zones of social work practice. This paper expects to inspect AIDS related disgrace and the vilification procedure, ideally giving bits of knowledge into countering the impacts of shame and maybe the chance of destigmatization. This is of specific relevance to the field of social work because of our developing contribution with the HIV positive populace. Relationship to Deviant/Marginal Behavior one of the most plainly and frequently distinguished reasons for AIDS related disgrace is its relationship to freak conduct. The ailment has had and still has a solid associ... <!

New and Social Media for Public Relations Strategies

New and Social Media for Public Relations Strategies Presentation The subject of the exposition manages the examination into the utilization of logically developing innovation of new media, as a device, by the open connection professionals. The emphasis is predominantly on the selection of different new media devices, by experts, for rehearsing open connection exercises. There’s an immense market for new media and, whenever utilized appropriately, it tends to be an incredible device to keep up powerful relations by the association and in anticipating a positive picture of the association. New media not just permits advertising professionals to connect with and draw in their publics in discussion, yet additionally gives a road to reinforce media relations..New Media is developing as a significant advertising instrument and engages two way balanced interchanges with publics and partners. PR experts are gone up against with the quick ascent of web-based social networking that powers specialists to give due and convenient consideration. They are not just amped up for using these instruments along with customary media, but at the same time are amped up for talking legitimately to their publics and partners without the association of any go-betweens. The present examination looks at the utilization of new media as an instrument for open connection specialists. With the appearance of improved and quick method of getting to data, individuals have changed their approaches to get data. Watching this evolving pattern, PR experts have likewise begun utilizing New Media to assume their job successfully. It hosts diminished the need of third get-together influencer, similar to media, to speak with general society. New Media encourages PR experts to cooperate legitimately with their organization’s open, explicitly shoppers. The focal point of study is to think about the new media apparatuses being utilized by specialists and their feeling about its utilization, regardless of whether they mix the new media devices with conventi onal devices to perform different exercises of advertising, the favorable circumstances and difficulties they are confronting utilizing New Media for Public Relations in chandigarh. This is a cross sectional distinct review done by talking Public Relation professionals working in chandigarh. Advertising: In the mid 1900s, Ivy Lee and Edward Louis Bernaysâ came up with the main meaning of PR: an administration work, which classifies open mentalities, characterizes the strategies, methods, and premiums of an association followed by executing a program of activity to procure open comprehension and acknowledgment. Dr. Rej F Harlow, a PR researcher and expert, embraced the undertaking of aggregating distributed PR definitions. Investigating 472 definitions ,he set forward a working definition, that says : â€Å"Public Relation is an unmistakable administration work which sets up and keep up shared lines of correspondence, getting, acknowledgment and participation between an association and its publics ; includes the administration of issues or issues ; encourages the board to keep educated on and receptive to general feeling ; characterizes and underlines the obligation of the board to serve the open intrigue ; assists the board with staying informed concerning adequately using change, filling in as an early notice framework to help envision patterns; and uses research and sound and moral correspondence as its head tools.† Open RELATION ACTIVITIES: Exposure: It includes dispersing data through chose media with the thought process of increasing open consideration, without paying to the media. Advancement: It endeavors to pick up the help for an individual, item, association or a thought. It assists purchasers with thinking about the item, the cost, or the spot. Issues/Crisis the board: It has a proactive nature of distinguishing issues that can almost certainly worry to an association and, along these lines, includes improvement of a reaction system to oversee such unexpected circumstances. Network relations: By keeping up great associations with individuals from the network, more clients can be pulled in through verbal exchange and furthermore creates client steadfastness. Media relations: It includes flowing messages through media and to keep a watch on how the item/organization’s picture is being depicted by the media. Growing great associations with media people is a significant movement in the PR procedure. Occasion the board: It includes arranging exercises or occasions which will draw in media thoughtfulness regarding an individual, item, association or a thought. Worker relations: It includes building work culture and group connections among the representatives by sharing data, advancing contribution and teaching a feeling of pride in business accomplishment. It helps in improving collaboration, staff maintenance and profitability. Publicizing It is a paid type of introduction and correspondence from a recognized support. Organizations use publicizing to advance their item, while non-benefit associations use advertisements to bring issues to light or support an adjustment in conduct. Campaigning: It includes an expert endeavor to achieve a change to an administration approach, corporate strategy, or popular supposition that is positive towards the association, cause or gathering. During political battles, so as to influence general sentiment, gatherings may connect with PR firms as lobbyists. Conventional TOOLS USED IN PUBLIC RELATIONS: Exposure Media: Press: A Public connection individual goes about as the voice of the association and gives data about the exercises of the association, its arrangements and developers to the general population through the press. Different manners by which data can be given to the press are: Official statements: It is composed data of auspicious nature, about the approaches and exercises of an association that is sent to all news media by an association. Publications/Articles/Features: An advertising individual, need to keep up great connection with the media and should have viable convincing abilities, so as to give foundation material to propose subjects for publications. TV: Because of incredible breadth of TV as an exposure medium, it is a profoundly successful apparatus for Public Relations. Radio: Radio can be successfully utilized in Public Relation as it covers over 90% of the Indian populace. Movies/Videos/Documentaries: It very well may be utilized for both the inner or outer open to prepare and rouse workers and instruct customers. Oral Communication: It is significantly use for inside open, for example, representatives, to give them preparing or data about the organization’s arrangements. Different approaches to perform Oral Communication are: Gatherings: It is an officially orchestrated assembling of at least two people, to fill some need. Talks: Formal talks are the quickest method of passing on information.The advertising division is engaged with explore, discourse composing and preparing of speakers. Different ways for oral correspondence can be phones calls, open location framework, board conversation, directing and so forth. Printed Literature: Exposure writing encourages association to advance its items, administrations or activities.These can take different structures. House Journal: It is an organization’s distribution that provides food its inside open and outside ‘public’. Its goal is to make a domain for trade of musings on different issues concerning an association and its workers. Yearly Reports: It can fill in as notoriety distribution to pull in planned financial specialists. Handouts: It typically covers data on a particular subject and is utilized for different purposes, for example, clarifying another program, to request donations.’Take home or mail-out leaflets make customers intellectually associated with the association and its items and administrations. Different types of Printed Literature can be inventories, booklets, flyers. Random Communication Tools: Stickers, banners, names, Racks or containers, window show, Packaging, blessings like schedules, journals, pens, key chains. Regular postal mail: (Newsletters.): Ordinary pamphlets giving applicable data about the association or/and its items/administrations can brace relations with clients. Advertorials: Notices as reports permit to connect publicizing with the believability of the paper. Public interviews: It includes assembling media agents at a spot to spread newsworthy data in regards to the association. Media Previews: While presenting another item or sorting out new plants and offices ,the day preceding the official open appearing, the media is given a review ; organization authorities invite media people and answer their inquiries. PressTours: It includes shipping a press party a significant distance. Press authorities are welcomed separately to observe a milestone accomplishment, the charging of an undertaking or an emergency circumstance .The Public connection official briefs them an opportunity to time and give foundation data during press visit. Media-Management Luncheons: Lunch meetings are orchestrated in which media delegates have a chance to meet administration, to find out about new corporate turns of events and to investigate offices. Clasp Sheets: Reports and representations are imitated in paper arrangement to show news editors how stories and pictures will show up in print, are disseminated by PR office to editors of every day and week after week papers. Press packs: It contains mimeographed news discharges, photos, memoirs, and foundation material that are set up by PR divisions and appropriated to the media at exceptional occasions. Exposure Distribution Services: It gives creation and minimal effort dispersion of news and pictures to editors and news authors of business magazines, papers and radio and TV channels. Shows: It assists with getting the moment criticism of the purchasers so their questions can be explained and, hence, construct customer’s certainty. Exceptional Events: Its point is to announce about the organ

Leaflet Early Year Educator

Question: Talk about theLeaflet for Early Year Educator. Answer: Errand 1 A)For setting up an offspring old enough 3-4 languishing interminable ailment over hospitalization is a muddled procedure, yet as expert educators, we can assist them with preparing for their emergency clinic remain by honestly and sincerely clarifying them the need of medical clinic confirmation. We will start this procedure a few days sooner. Utilizing basic language, we will converse with them pose inquiries and help them to comprehend that it is significant for them. Instructive play treatment is viewed as a supportive treatment that helps youngsters in understanding what's in store in the emergency clinic. As an instructive specialist we will show you and your kid the territories where the youngster will remain. This will assist the kid with developing a positive recognition and allure towards the medical clinic. We will show various things like supports, dressing, mortar and so on and clarify the kid about their significance in the treatment procedure. This will doubtlessly work to impact kids in a positive way for their emergency clinic remain. B)Playing is considered is a fixing that makes up the total individual prepared to learn, read, compose, apply rationale and comprehend the world. In the emergency clinic, play fill in as a type of advising where youngsters attempt to recoup from their own understanding, advancement, self-direction and self-mending process. The play is demonstrated to be mending hardware particularly helpful for sick youngsters. Play assists with diminishing negative emotions, accumulate information about kid understanding, and create correspondence and association with kids in the emergency clinic. As such, play works a treatment in the recuperation procedure. Undertaking - 2 A) Training and Development In preparing and improvement stage the underlying obligation of specialists is to name the youngsters explicitly, access to their requirements, focus on their consideration procedure and comprehend their affectability. B) Partnership Working It is expert duty to look after collaboration, sound correspondence, and dynamic investment in group and with kids is a way that is plainly strong for youngsters recuperation. C) Inclusive Practice Your comprehensive practice is to put forth your most ideal attempt, act, expertise or practice to help these advantaged kids in their recuperation procedure. D) Support for Self It is your obligation to keep up your self-esteem, regard, trustworthiness and compliance alongside your expert practice. References Bruce, T., 2012.Early youth training. London: Hachette UK. Kolb, D.A., 2014.Experiential learning: Experience as the wellspring of learning and improvement. US: FT press.

East of Eden - Setting - Free Essay Example

Intro John Steinbeck was born in 1902, in Salinas, California, the setting of this novel. From The Grapes of Wrath to Cannery Row, he has given American Ethos memorable portraits of the dispossessed- immigrants, farmers, rural underclass and the like. Though not in grinding poverty, Steinbeck did not manage to publish a commercially successful book until 1935, during which he observed how America responded to the Great Depression and labor unrest. He grew incredibly fond of the proletariats, their compelling stories and concrete ethics, an admiration that would bring to the socially small and insignificant to fictional heroism, like Lennie of Of Mice and Men Samuel Hamilton of East of Eden. The fruit that the snake entices Eve to ingest is from the forbidden tree of knowledge of good and evil. The consequences of the Fall are that humans are no longer innocent and, as Satan appeals to them with lies and grandeur, will always be naturally inclined to do evil. God punishes his disobedient children with a trying mortal life of suffering, and asks humans to use free will to eradicate the urges of sin completely, repent otherwise and be good by His authoritatively prescribed standards for salvation. This binary, absolute path to the Pearly Gates provides comfort and consistency in a radical world. It is also this very simplicity of the divine that Steinbeck rejects for the complexities of that glittering instrument, the human soul. (Steinbeck 32). To say Steinbeck is interested in the tension between man and God would be an understatement- all but one novel in his wide body of work contain overt references to neo-Christian ideas. An Episcopalian from childhood and conversant with traditions of the faith, he gradually distanced himself from organised religion and grew skeptical of its role in American culture in his later years. If his previous work had the refrain to give polish and poise to his meditation on this dilemma, East of Eden makes no such effort to shield his intent evident in the primitivism in structure and hardheaded attitude. Coupled with his awareness that this should be his magnum opus- the work he has been preparing for all his life- this novel is the one where his authorial voice comes through the loudest, both in moral lesson and in artistic vision. East of Eden takes two familiar biblical stories from the Book of Genesis- Adam and Eve and Cain and Abel- using the narrative framework of each to tell a multigenerational epic following the Trasks and the Hamiltons, that first and foremost pays tribute to the human spirit in all its good and evil. It explores what Steinbeck sees as the single most important question of existence- A man, after he has brushed off the dust and chips of his life, will have left only the hard, clean questions: Was it good or was it evil? Have I done wellor ill? (Steinbeck, 317). Sprinkled in between those sweeping questions is Steinbecks interrogation of the validity of these long-held moralities and the Juedo-Christian doctrines that defend- not only questioning its application outside of the Bible, but also whether it is realisable at all as a code of ethics. Both intentions manifest in inextricably intertwined ways- from the collapsed ruins of now obsolete scriptures, modern morality must rise in its place. What critique of evil present is so obvious and indisputable by nature that it has taken an ancillary role to the more revelatory study into good. Hence, in this essay, I will be examining the rich moral tapestry the characters must navigate to achieve Steinbecks idea of good. Goodness is traditionally unflinching and unwilling to capitulate to circumstances. It, in its purity, stands in opposition to evil, and is forever in combat with it. To quote from Lee, Evil must constantly respawn, while good, while virtue, is immortal. While good is consistent and everlasting, it also necessarily means that good does not change, evolve or adapt, the harms of holding onto it like an anchor we see in each of these characters undoing. A central idea of Steinbecks characterisation is espoused in perhaps the most iconic line of the book: And now that you dont have to be perfect, you can be good.. This line implies that perfection stands as an obstruction to the pursuit of goodness, that the two are diametrically opposed in nature. When the novel states outright that the wretched are empty because they are incapable of love, the same can be said about an absolute good. Adams romanticism disallows him from seeing the person as whole, leaving him unable to reciprocate love in any meaningful way. He still feels a general ambivalence towards his sons, despi te his want to connect with and care for them. Adam is good to his own detriment. During his interactions with his father and brother, and during his service in the army, he is continually exposed to brutality and betrayal, yet never develops the survival instinct of suspicion and measured cynicism. He has no comprehension of his wife Cathys immense darkness, despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary. Burned in his mind was an image of beauty and tenderness, a sweet and holy girl and that image was Cathy to her husband, and nothing Cathy did or said could warp Adams Cathy Although Adam recognises darkness in his father and brother, he determines Cathy to be good without calling for reaffirmation, blinded to her malevolence by a veneer of feminine vulnerability. This sightlessness is punished with a shot to the shoulder and consequently, a deep, lethargic depression as Adam feels his bedrocks of belief shaken. As no real human thought is without fault, Adam is thoughtless and grows to be hollow and inert, living in an internal world with no room for pride, ambition or desire. Later on, his cabbage importation business fails and he becomes a laughingstock due to his idealism and failure to consider the financial outcome of the project, one of many times Adams lackadaisical thinking causes harm. He fails at being a good brother when he was not perceptive enough to respond to Charles destructive cries for help. He fails at being a good father to Abel when he rejects the gift he offers him , even after witnessing the immense sorrow and violence a similar refusal by his father imbued in his brother Charles, and at parenting Aron by being the same meddlesome, oblivious dad that he once resented Cyrus for being. He fails at being a good husband when he forces Cathy to behave in alignment with his idyllic vision of the future without considering her thoughts. When Adam would swell out in his stomach with a pressure of ecstasy that was close kin to grief, it is not real love, which is tempered with complexity and understanding, but a painful and volatile impression of love. Comparatively, those capable of hate are proven to be equally capable of love- the idea that love and can only thrive when one is familiar with the absence of it. Adam and Aron do not feel affection for their father, while Charles and Cal love their fathers fiercely. Cal, in particular, grew up a passionate love for his father and a wish to protect him and to make it up to him for the things he had suffered after he learns about Cathy, because having been on both ends of hurt, he understands the sheer extent of evil Cathy must have possessed to unleash this enormity of pain unto his father. This understanding escapes Aron, who acts out in confusion and selfish anger. The idea that a perfect being cannot empathise with the plights of the corruptible as explored here is also a prominent strand in anti-theology, which states God is an intrinsically problematic judge of character as he does not possess our marred agency. The biblical Adam story is about a uncorrupted mans arrival at humanity, and to a certain extent, Adam Trask manages to reach the same enlightenment, with his final labored utterance summing up the simultaneous gift and burden of free will: Timshel, or Thou mayest. His son, on the other hand, the closest adherent to the Christian ideal of morality, is never afforded the luxury of redemption or growth. In the same way that Abel dies before arriving at the promised Land of Canaan while Cain joins the rest of humanity in exile in the Land of Nod, Aron remains trapped in adolescence while his brother matured. Aron skews goodness into obsessive purity, taking on a much more sinister manifestation of perfect morality as a religious man bound by the rigid doctrines of his faith. Aron is perfect while Adam is good, and that makes all the difference. In maintaining the illusion that his father is categorically forthright and his absent mother an untainted saint, the revelation that people contradict his code of ethics by acting immorally breaks Aron completely. When he discovers Kate is the owner of a brothel, he is unable to comprehend it and rejects the notion. Again, as with all perfect ideals, purity crumbles under the duress of complexity. Ultimately, the didactic lesson of the book is that everyone gets to choose between good and evil, yet complications with this rise in interpretation of Aron and Cathy. The ways in which Arons characterisation may be problematic in a narrative all about self-will are immediately apparent. During Arons life and his transformation from coddled golden child to devout theist to lost soul, he is so one-dimensionally depicted that his missteps seem inevitable by design. The fact that Cathy is introduced as a monster by birth, designed to make a painful and bewildering stir in her world (58), allows for very little room for postulation about the soul-stricken, innate nature of her evil. Crawling onto the Trasks brothers porch, leaving a slick trail of blood behind her, her entrance in their legacy is not just sinuous- it is the original biblical sin, which seems an odd choice when considering how the point of Steinbecks creation is to refute against the existence of any purely evil entity. Cathy did not have the agency to opt out of evil, as if the others knew something [she] didntlike a secret they wouldnt tell [her] (355). When Cal confronts her about her deficiency she seems to be in genuine grief, agonising over the emptiness of her conniving life. While other characters are given a wealth of opportunities to change, Aron and Cathy seem logically predisposed to make a specific set of decisions for epitomising their respective extremes, so much so that they are cursed by Steinbeck from the start. They seem out of keeping in the complex moral realm so delicately crafted by the novel, but in fact, the coexistence of these two diametrically opposed ideas is reconciled when considering the metafictional identity of these characters as Christian-defined metrics which every other character compares themselves to. In the Bible, Jesus was sacrificed to allow the forgiveness of human sin, his infinite benevolence balancing out our infinite moral ruination. In East of Eden, grace has to be given by us to each other. In the same way Christ died for equilibrium, each symbolic character died to restore true free will into the world of East of Eden, with Adams ending the novel. As Adam would not be able to react proportionately and forgive, his death spares Cal from fulfilling the looming fate of Cain, retreat from the edge of his predestined demise and is finally truly free to choose. In Steinbecks words: The danger and the glory and the choice rest finally in man. (Steinbeck, Banquet spe ech) The caveat of Arons tragic end is religion. He passively takes spiritual instructions from a clergyman and builds his moral framework according to the holy text without question. In usurping personal choice to divine intervention, he effectively denies himself the chance to choose between good and evil, becoming the perfectly good child of God without impure desires or any affinity to sin- men in Eden before being tempted by the snake. The argument then seems to be that such a hypothetical being cannot survive outside of paradise and hence does not exist outside of the fictional vacuum. When Arons preconception of his mother shatters, the first aberration from his sinless existence, he becomes liberated from Eden, and uses his newfound free will to recklessly enlist in the army, stranding himself in the most amoral, diseased landscape of human making. In such, Aron embodies another criticism on Christian conduct, in that the cynical assumption that humanity is all ugliness is a self-fulfilling prophecy. People who look out for sinners to chastise will find an abundance. Those who do not accept the integral nature of vices along with virtue could run off and hide, but escapism may cost them their resilience and wisdom, and their insufficiencies will eventually catch up on them. The parallel evoked between the church and the whorehouse in Chapter 19, both having arrived in the Far West simultaneously, (Steinbeck, 166 ) and each intended to accomplish the same thing: [to take] a man out of his bleakness for a time (166), is similar to that drawn between Kates and Arons experiences, with the two mirroring each other despite being on opposite ends of the moral spectrum. Aron considers himself above the common and sullied crowd, Kate too thinks of herself as an intellectual superior to everyone else, and both suffer from their self-imposed desolation- In the end, both characters puts an end to their miserable existence through suicide or self-inflicted danger. Kates fondness of Aron as a son she had never spoken to no doubt stems from a superficial level of physical resemblance, but it could also be attributed to her understanding that he is the only character with a psyche as detached as hers. In the curious case of Kate Trask, it would still be reductive to label her a serpentine madam. In her old age, Kate is riddled with crippling arthritis, becoming a sick ghost, crooked and in some way horrible (Steinbeck 425) having lost her sexual allure to age, and conveys a loneliness and paranoia readers can relate to. Her doting on a son she never got to know, frantic attempts to restore control over her brothels toppling hierarchy, and contemplation of a nd eventual suicide all establish a humanity that was absent prior. As seen from Cathys association with Alice in Wonderland since childhood, she feels bewildered and alone in a world too abstract and bizarre for her purely calculating mind. Alice would put her arm around Cathys waist, and Cathy would put her arm around Alices waist, and they would walk awaybest friends (425) hints that she still desires companionship, and that the reason she so adamantly drives away everyone who ever got close to her may have been fear of true vulnerability or having a connection with someone that is not fictional. Even the verisimilitude of love abandons her in the end, as Alice doesnt know (425) of her final journey to grow smaller and smaller and then disappear (426). This subdued end to her gloriously twisted life is candid and melancholic. In engendering feelings of empathy for the truly irredeemable, who does not by any stretch of the imagination deserve any goodwill, our instincts as moralistic readers prove to be the antithesis for Kates denouncement of huma nity as nothing more than the gray slugs that come (180). Much in the same way, the readers are able to identify narcissism and unflattering self-indulgence in Arons perfection where Adam, in his naivete, is blind to. Steinbeck trusts the readers to be able to pick up on the nuances and minitae, through attentiveness to complexity of psychological design, that makes them better humans than Adam and Cathy. In such, we see the characters compliant in the overarching theme. Steinbecks disinterest in making these symbolic people believable is not a mistake. The storyteller in-universe being named John Steinbeck, the decision to publish all his letters documenting the creative process and his quote that reads The design of a book is the pattern of a reality controlled and shaped by the mind of the writer. (Steinbeck, The Log from the Sea of Cortez 1) all invite us to view the Trasks through metafictional critical lens, to read the story through a novelists mind and interpret it as such- a constructed story with a focused moral message. Consideri ng that lens in application, conventions of storytelling dictates that if a novel where good triumphs implores us to be good.

Why Eating Meat is Morally Impermissible - 1435 Words

Introduction Is it morally permissible to eat meat? Much argument has arisen in the current society on whether it is morally permissible to eat meat. Many virtuous fruitarians and the other meat eating societies have been arguing about the ethics of eating meat (which results from killing animals). The important part of the dispute is based on the animal welfare, nutrition value from meat, convenience, and affordability of meat-based foods compared to vegetable-based foods and other factors like environmental moral code, culture, and religion. All these points are important in justifying whether humans are morally right when choosing to eat meat. This paper will argue that it is morally impermissible to eat meat by focusing on the†¦show more content†¦Like humans, animals also exhibit such reactions when killed. This evidence disputes the notion that animals do not feel pain. It follows that no animal would be willing to terminate its life for another animal’s survival; that is, a n animal will not kill itself for the benefit of another animal. According to this argument, meat-eating humans should understand that it is not morally permissible to exterminate other animals for their survival. Additionally, some societies argue that the pain that a human would experience is no equitable to the pain animals experience. This is a misleading statement since all creatures experience pain when killed. Thus, â€Å"meat eating is not ethically accepted since it causes a lot of pain to animals† (Singer and Mason, 2007). Morals It is crucial to apprehend the difference between moral agents and moral patients because this difference is a foundation to the upcoming discussion. Moral agents have the ability to identify what morally ought to be done hence, the ability to act or fail to act morally. In contrast, moral patients lack the ability control their behavior (Singer and Mason, 2007). Owing to the fact that moral agents have the capacity to make moral judgments, they should be accountable for their actions. The community requires all animals to make ethical choices yet, animals are incapable of making such decisions. Therefore, several people argue thatShow MoreRelatedAnimal Rights and Human Wrongs6049 Words   |  25 Pagesprices for her goods, the other is to spend less producing those goods. Since there is a limit on how much people will pay for meat, there is substantial financia l pressu re to dec rease th e expe nse of p roducin g the m eat. This under standa bly leads to over-crowding; after all t he more animals a farmer can get into a smaller space, the less it costs to produce the meat. There are similar pressures to restrict the animals movement. The less the animals move, the less they eat, thus decreasing

B2C and B2B Web Site Supply Chain Difference - 981 Words

B2C and B2B Web Site Supply Chain Differences Ah, the wonders that technology has wrought in the world of business. Or should it be phrased: ah, the wonders that business has called forth from the world of technology? Whether it is the chicken or the egg, many changes have developed and with the advancements in what is now called e-business, businesses and consumers have benefited. Though e-businesses vary in scope and methods, they can be categorized basically as business-to-consumer (B2C) or a business-to-business (B2B). A B2B model involves transactions between one business and another business. A B2C model involves transactions between a business and individual consumers. The term B2C could be applied to any business or†¦show more content†¦These networks are more flexible and respond to economic fluctuations with more speed and ease than hierarchically (top-down) structured businesses. The ultimate goal of supply chain management is to achieve a higher-quality or lower-cost product at the end of the chain. This requires building long-term relationships with a small number of very capable suppliers, who in turn have their own relationships with suppliers. The current standard is for e-businesses to invest in one of several new information systems, capable of increasing efficiency in the production line by controlling the logistics in every element of its supply chain. Two such IT systems are EDI and VAN. Schneider gives an example of Boeing s success implementing EDI: Using EDI and Internet links, Boeing is working with suppliers so that they can provide exactly the right part or assembly at exactly the right time. By its second year of using these new systems, Boeing had cut in half the time needed to complete individual assembly processes. It has realized similar reductions in part defect costs. The combined effects of these increased efficiencies are helping Boeing do a much better job of meeting its customers needs. Instead of waiting 36 months for delivery, customers can now have their new airplanes in 10 to 12 months. (Schneider, 2004, p. 230) The primary benefit that arises from such increasedShow MoreRelatedEssay about B2B v. B2C Supply Chains981 Words   |  4 PagesB2B v. B2C Supply Chains Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the age of technology business has come a long way and evolved tremendously. It used to be that brick and mortar was the only way to open and run a business. However, the internet has changed all of that now businesses can use technology to reach customers and other businesses all over the world. This has caused a great surge in the world wide economy. In 2003 Business to Business (B2B) commerce tipped the scales at $1.41 Trillion. This is inRead MoreSupply Chain Mgmt in B2B and B2C Environment1451 Words   |  6 PagesSupply Chain Management in B2B and B2C Environments Supply chain management, whether in a traditional or E-commerce environment, involves distributing products, goods and services from point of manufacture to the delivery of the final product. Supply chain management, whether related to B2B or B2C retailers involves manufacturing, storage, distribution and delivery of products and services to consumers and other businesses. B2B supply chain management is slightly more complex than B2C transactionsRead MoreB2C and B2B Marketing Comparison993 Words   |  4 PagesB2C and B2B Marketing Comparison Marketing ultimately depends on who you are delivering your message to. With Business to Business (B2B), an organization has to know the businesses needs, its current situation, competitors, trends, technology and costs. Business to Commerce (B2C) is also about knowing who you re selling to. 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In an effort to gain competitive advantage, firms must make key decision involving logistics and operations management to move products and service across the supply chain. The materialization and attractiveness of the Internet has made supply chain management more attainable for business enterprises. Research shows that Internet-derived technologyRead MoreB2B and B2C Marketing Strategies1422 Words   |  6 Pagestechnology, new business models or sites such as business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C), have emerged which require the employment of different marketing strategies and tools to attract and retain customers. The following sections will provide a comparison of the marketing strategies employed and tools utilized by B2B and B2C e-business sites. Business owners, members of the management team and key decision-makers are primarily the target for B2B marketing programs. 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The following is a discussion on the differences between brick and mortar retail and e-commerce followed by a description of what the final solution is to solve this problem. 2. Introduction In a world where technology is changing every day, traditional businesses are becoming more developedRead MoreApplication Of Information And Communication Technologies2075 Words   |  9 Pagesapplication of information and communication technologies, especially via the Internet. This includes managing internal processes such as human resources, financial and administration systems, as well as external processes such as sales and marketing, supply of goods and services, and customer relationships. Advantages and Disadvantages of E-business E-business offers a range of advantages compared to the traditional business system. These benefits are continuously increasing the popularity of e-business

Selection and Subsequent Impairments System

Question: Discuss about the Selection and Subsequent Impairments System. Answer: Introduction: Application of various accounting policies, particularly the choice of alternative processes has significant impact on the valuation of liabilities, capital and assets which in turn affects the financial results of the organization. Accounting policy on the revaluation and amortization of long term assets have a significant impact on the financial position of the organization. Apart from this, deferred items, reserves and intangible assets are also affected by the selection of accounting policies. Further, the selection of accounting policy becomes more significant when the amount of expenses, incomes, liabilities and assets can be altered by changing the policies (Gao and Liang 2013). The selection of suitable accounting policies is very crucial to get a clear idea of the financial information transacted in the financial statement. An organization must state the account ting policies that is used in preparation of financial statements as alternative treatments are also available for most of the transactions. If the accounting policies are not mentioned clearly, then the uses of the statement will not be able to compare the performance with other entities. Thus, accounting policies are the rules, bases, conventions, procedures and principles that are applied for the presentation and preparation of financial statements. With the application and choice of accounting policies, the fundamental strategies challenge each other (Dhaliwal et al. 2015). Therefore, while choosing the application of appropriate accounting theories, the following factors shall be considered: Goodwill method and valuation for presenting it in the financial statement Allocation of lease as financial lease and operating lease and method of allocation of finance charges related to lease and lessor. Development and research policies and the estimation of capitalization of these costs and resulting amortization. Use of closing or temporary rate for foreign currency transaction. The accounting theories that are to be selected are an integral part of the organization. Hence, the various accounting policies that are applied by the organization have considerable effect on the interpretation of annual reports through various ratio analyses. Various accounting policies have great impact on the financial position as well as the income statement. It has indirect as well as direct affect on the key ratios like gearing ratio and return on capital employed. The adopted accounting policies shall be understood so as to compare the performance of the organisation with other organization in the same industry (Ahmed and Duellman 2013). Focus of ASIC on material disclosures On 31st December 2016, ASIC announced their focus for the financial reports of the listed companies and other companies with public interest having many stakeholders. During 2016 June, they highlighted the organizations that should implement realistic valuations for the value of assets and apply suitable accounting policies. ASIC will continue focusing on the material disclosures like assumptions that will support the accounting projections, selection of considerable accounting policies and the effect of the new requirements. Further, they influence the organizations to communicate information more transparently in the financial statement. The focus area are the same as it were for the year ended June 2016 and must be consistent with the prior periods (Price 2014). These areas are Accounting for tax Recognition of revenue Analysing the value of assets and test for impairment Deferral of expenses Judgements of accounting policies and estimates Arrangements of off-balance sheet items Impact of the new financial instrument and revenue standards Auditors and prepares of of financial statements shall focus on the accurateness of major accounting policies that can affect the financial reports considerably. The requirement of disclosures needed with regard to the revised and new accounting standards must be considered carefully in the areas where the standards have not yet been implied. As per the AASB 108 Accounting policies, alterations in accounting policies and and errors that are required by the organization to disclose the reasonable estimates regarding the possible impacts. During December 2016, ASIC issued press release 16 442 MMR entities that are required to respond related to key standards. As per ASIC, the effect of new standards on the financial instrument, revenue, lease agreements might be more considerable as compared to the impact of IFRS. ASIC mentioned that different matters that are required to be considered before implementations of any plan regarding new standards, that involves required changes in syste ms, impacts of business, effects on alignment with disclosures, financial obligations, requirement of disclosures before the effective date of standards, disclosure obligation of possible disclosures and the effect of transaction documents and other fundraising approaches. With the new accounting standards for revenues, leases and financial instruments that introduce considerable alterations in the future, organizations are required to align with the obligations of AASB 108 and respond to the expectations of the regulations (Duffy 2014). With respect to the off-balance sheet agreements, the auditors and directors must review the treatment carefully for the joint arrangement accountings and disclosures of structured organizations. Moreover, the auditors and directors must review the revenue recognition strategies of the organization to assure that the revenue is recognized as per the substance of the recorded transactions. This assures that: Control of related goods has been delivered to the purchaser Services associated with revenues has been performed Revenues has been recognized in the financial instruments based on the suitable instrument class Where the revenue is related to both the sale of goods as well as provision of the associated services, revenue is suitably distributed over the components and identified properly Assets are segregated properly as non-financial as well as financial assets (Moroney and Trotman 2015). Requirement of suitable revenue recognition policy The suitable timing of recognizing the revenue may need to be considered carefully in the industries with difficult licensing and sales arrangements that may involve regular obligations like software providers. Moreover, the auditors and the directors shall assure that that the financial statements disclose the effect of upcoming obligations and revenue recognition. Previously, at the start of the year the international Accounting Standards Board releases a new standard for accounting on revenue and the other contracts (Holzmann and Munter 2014). The standard may have a considerable impact on when and how the revenue shall be recognized. It is projected that the corresponding accounting standards of Australia will be released for application in future years. The standards of accounting need financial statements to reveal the effect of the new requirements on the financial outcomes and positions. Disclosures for the upcoming effect of international standards and the newly applied acco unting standards will be applied for the preparation upcoming financial statements (Bradshaw et al. 2013). Organizations that are complied with the IFRS, for their financial reporting and their auditors must take care for the expected impact of the application of new accounting policies under IFRS 15 on revenue from the contracts with consumers and make suitable disclosures if needed. IFRS 15 was released by the IASB during May 2014 with the application date set for the period from !st January 2017. The work programme of AASB declared that the IFRSs Australian version has been issued in quarter 4 of the year 2014 (Christian and Ldenbach 2013). References: Ahmed, A.S. and Duellman, S., 2013. Managerial overconfidence and accounting conservatism.Journal of Accounting Research,51(1), pp.1-30. Bradshaw, M., Bens, D., Frost, C.A., Gordon, E., McVay, S., Miller, G., Pfeiffer, R., Plumlee, M., Shakespeare, C., Thomas, W. and Wong, F., 2013. Financial reporting policy committee of the American accounting association's financial accounting and reporting section: Accounting standard setting for private companies.Accounting Horizons,28(1), pp.175-192. Christian, D. and Ldenbach, N., 2013.IFRS essentials. John Wiley Sons. Dhaliwal, D.S., Lamoreaux, P.T., Lennox, C.S. and Mauler, L.M., 2015. Management Influence on Auditor Selection and Subsequent Impairments of Auditor Independence during the Post?SOX Period.Contemporary Accounting Research,32(2), pp.575-607. Duffy, M., 2014. Towards better disclosure of corporate risk: A look at risk disclosure in periodic reporting.Adel. L. Rev.,35, p.385. Gao, P. and Liang, P.J., 2013. Informational feedback, adverse selection, and optimal disclosure policy.Journal of Accounting Research,51(5), pp.1133-1158. Holzmann, O.J. and Munter, P., 2014. New Revenue Recognition Guidance.Journal of Corporate Accounting Finance,25(6), pp.73-76. Moroney, R. and Trotman, K.T., 2015. Differences in Auditors' Materiality Assessments When Auditing Financial Statements and Sustainability Reports.Contemporary Accounting Research. Price, J., 2014. Continuous disclosure.Governance Directions,66(1), p.6.

What Makes Democracy Succeed or Fail

Table of Contents Introduction Public sphere Civil society State Causal relationships and social mechanisms Conclusion References Introduction The word democracy is famous in the world today. It is used to describe a form of government that allows equal opportunities to all its citizens. Also, it is used to influence the policies and laws of a nation. In such administrations, people who meet certain standards are free to convey their views.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What Makes Democracy Succeed or Fail? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As Abraham Lincoln once said, â€Å"democracy is a government of the public, this government works for the citizens and it is administrated by citizens†. In America, democracy is demonstrated in the exercise of democratic procedures such as voting for the president or members of congress. Before any democratic government comes into power, people have to be enlighte ned. In other words, enlightenment precedes democracy. Immanuel Kant claims that â€Å"enlightenment is man’s liberation from his self-incurred immaturity† (Kant, 1784). Immaturity in this text is the inadequacy of a man to make his own decisions without the input of other people (Kant, 1784). It is said to be self-imposed when people choose to lie not because they lack understanding but because they do not have the will and courage to make a personal decision (Kant, 1784). For this reason, it is necessary for the public sphere, civil society and state to be enlightened to strengthen democracy. Enlightenment will help them to reason publicly and express their opinion while keeping the state in check. The success or failure of democracy is determined by the state, civil society and the public sphere. When these institutions are functioning properly democracy succeeds. This paper examines how these three institutions influence the democratic process. Public sphere The pu blic sphere is a key component of democracy because it represents the opinions of the people. It determines whether democracy succeeds or fails. Jurgen Habermas (1996) in his article â€Å"Civil society and the Political Public Sphere† claims that the public sphere is a social experience. It is similar to a collectivity but different from an organization. It does not embrace the principles or frameworks of an institution. It has no membership or leaders. The public sphere is a system that represents the opinions or views of different people. The opinions of people in different social spaces vary. All these views are synthesized and combined to form one common opinion (Habermas, 1996). These opinions are reproduced in the course of communication. There are different forms of the public sphere: political, religious, scientific, and art among others. Democracy requires freedom of speech and this freedom can be found in the public sphere. Influence is a vital element of the publi c sphere that affects democracy. It is based on a mutual understanding of individuals in a social space (Habermas, 1996). Consequently, public views can be used to influence the voting behavior of the jury, government organizations or citizens.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The influence of the public sphere in a political realm can be used as political power when it follows institutionalized processes (Habermas, 1996). This power can be controlled by political leaders or other parties. On the other hand, this influence usually attracts a power struggle. Some leaders or organizations that have the influence of the public sphere can capitalize on their power for their own selfish gain (Habermas, 1996). Such actions destroy democracy because power is transferred to a minority instead of the public. According to Habermas, the public sphere should recognize problems, categorize them and find a feasible solution (Habermas, 1996). If the communal opinion is manipulated, then it means that the solutions will meet the needs the few people in power. Therefore, democracy thrives where the public domain is free from manipulation or blackmail. In addition, the system of communication must capture the views of the citizens without biases. The public sphere enlightens the citizens. It provides an avenue where people think for themselves without considering the views of others. Civil society Civil society has a decisive role in preserving democracy. In the past, civil society was defined in terms of the Marxian theory. It represented the Bourgeoisie class. However, civil society has undergone a revolution. Habermas describes the civil society as organizations that are distinct of the government or any economic affiliations (Habermas, 1996). They include institutions of learning, religious groups, and mass media. They are voluntary groups that secure the systems of c ommunication that make up the public sphere. Religious groups typically provide moral boundaries as opposed to political. According to Tocqueville, associations help to fight individualism and promote freedom in politics (Habermas, 1996). Civil society exists only in civilized communities that allow liberation and freedom. Otherwise, different organizations can arise without a cause. Unlike public spheres, civil societies can only find influence and not political control. This is because civil groups seek power for the people and not themselves. Additionally, these organizations must meet certain requirements. They have to respect the rights of people and the rule of law. The function of the civil society is to represent the people and regulate the authority of the state (Habermas, 1996). The can do this by ensuring that the state uses its power efficiently. One of the vices that lead to the failure of democracy is corruption.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on W hat Makes Democracy Succeed or Fail? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Once the state is corrupt, people will be denied the opportunity to express their opinion and build the nation. Corrupt officials control public issues in order to benefit. For that reason, the civil society holds the key to democracy. They have the ability and power to educate the public on issues concerning their rights and duties as egalitarian citizens. In this process, civil society provides enlightenment. Moreover, civil society can help citizens, and the government to develop critical values such as respect for divergent views, concession, acceptance, and control. Civil society brings people from different social and symbolic spaces together based on their common interests. By encouraging people to come together, civil society curbs individualism. Civil society is a key partner of a democratic state. State Although a democratic government refers to a governme nt managed by the people, the state is equally significant. A successful democracy requires a dependable state. Such a state must promote equality and not dictatorship. It also requires the support and reverence of its people. Tocqueville in his book Democracy in America compares democracy in two states, France and America (Tocqueville, 1835). He claims that one of the dangers facing democracy is extreme devotion to equality. According to Tocqueville (1835), if everyone is equal then no individual has the right to regulate the affairs of another. The only opinion would be majority rule, but this will lead to authoritarianism. If multitudes control power they will acquire despotic tendencies and the minority will suffer. The role of the state in democracy is to ensure that citizens are not trapped in individualism and materialism. Hence, to minimize or avoid these tendencies, the state can endorse institutions such as the Supreme Court and the jury (Habermas, 1996). These institution s may be flawed, but they provide balance. Such systems allow individuals to respect other people and use their freedom wisely. Additionally, the state can support other non-institutional organization like the media and religious group. Causal relationships and social mechanisms Democracy demands equality. However, equality has two consequences. First, individuals are enlightened and allowed to express their opinions. Individualism and oppressive characteristics can emerge. Secondly, equality can prevent an individual from thinking and instead depend on the decisions of others. Kant describes this as immaturity. Such people allow others to think for them. Fascism and Nazism developed because people allowed other people to make decisions. The state, civil society and the public sphere offer a balance for equality and promote democracy.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion The views of Kant, Habermas and Tocqueville are relevant and credible in strengthening democracy. Tocqueville in his book recommended the democratic system in America because it embraces the elements of the public sphere, civil societies and the state. All these institutions and prodigy have to function well for democracy to flourish. The public sphere communicates the opinion of the people. The civil society anchors the public domain by supporting them. It also checks on the state. Similarly, the state provides a framework for the civil society and the public sphere to succeed. These associations combat despotic and individualism tendencies. The question as to â€Å"what makes democracy succeed (or fail)?† is determined by the achievements of the public sphere, the civil society and the state. If these key institutions prosper then democracy will succeed. References Habermas, J. (1996). Civil Society and the Political Public Sphere. In J.C. Calhoun J. Gerteis (Ed s.), Contemporary Sociological Theory (pp. 388-405). New Jersey: Blackwell Publishers. Kant, I. (1784). What is Enlightenment? In J.C. Calhoun, J.Gerteis J. Moody (Eds.), Classical Sociological Theory (pp. 39-43). New Jersey: Blackwell Publishers. Tocqueville, A. (1835). Democracy in America. In J.C. Calhoun, J.Gerteis J. Moody (Eds.), Classical Sociological Theory (pp. 55-71). New Jersey: Blackwell Publishers. This essay on What Makes Democracy Succeed or Fail? was written and submitted by user Tanner Mitchell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Brief history of film essays

Brief history of film essays The great movie event of 1972 was The Godfather, the top-grossing film of the year and possibly of all time. In a nation apparently worried about violence in motion pictures, on television, and in its streets, the popularity of The Godfather made ironic commentary on American attitudes and values. The year began with angry outcries against the blood and gore of A Clockwork Orange and Straw Dogs, released in December, 1971; and the publication in March of the Surgeon-General's Report on Televised Violence further upset the public. Nevertheless, Americans paid well over $125 million to witness a three-hour testimony to the glories of gangsterdom. Concerned chiefly with power struggles among rival gangland "families," which are, implicitly, units of the "Mafia" or "Cosa Nostra," The Godfather has two central themes: first, in the words of Balzac, that "Behind every great fortune there is a crime," and second, that beneath the bravado and butchery, gangsters are warm and loving human beings, good friends, good husbands, good fathers, and good sons. The public did not complain about the brutality of the film; significantly, the cruelty is not sex-linked as in Clockwork Orange and Straw Dogs. Nor did the community of critics, who are often hostile to big, expensive movies ( The Godfather cost $6 million to produce). They praised the film highly, and gave kudos to all concerned director Francis Ford Coppola; scenarists Coppola and Mario Puzo, who wrote the best-selling novel on which the film is based; and stars Marlon Brando and Al Pacino. New Direction in Film Musicals. The Godfather was not 1972's only blockbuster. Cabaret, an adaptation of the acclaimed Broadway musical of 1971, showed a domestic gross of more than $20 million. Liza Minnelli, daughter of film director Vincente Minnelli and the late Judy Garland, and evidently heir to her mother's charismatic gifts as a performer, stars in the film. The film was based on Christo...

Historical Memory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Historical Memory - Essay Example He graduated in the year 1948 with a B.A. degree from the same college his father and grandfather attended. Martin went ahead and attended Crozer theological seminary for three years studying theology (Asselin, 6). After completion of his studies, he was elected the president of a senior class, which was predominant with whites. He graduated with a B.D. in 1951, which won him a scholarship from Crozer College and enrolled in Boston University. After completion of his studies, he received a degree in 1955, after completing his residence doctorate in 1953. While in Boston, Luther met his wife, with whom they bore two sons and two daughters. In 1954, he became a pastor and a rights activist until his assassination on 4 April 1968. Even though slavery was banned in the United States in the late 19th century, the institutions in the country discriminated people according to race. This was often referred to institutional racism, where African Americans were oppressed in the country. In the mid 20th century, many African Americans were occasionally mistreated even in public (Asselin, 10). For instance, the African Americans were forced to use separate schools and public utilities. On the other hand, the superior and well-established utilities, facilities, and schools were reserved for the whites. This was a daunting situation, especially to the African Americans, constantly known as blacks. For many decades, African Africans had been engaging endless fights to establish an all-inclusive society without segregation and discrimination. Apparently, they made some progress. The efforts of the African Americans were enhanced by Martin Luther as he started raising awareness of the public to racism, discrimination, and segregation in the country. His ostensible objective was to enhance racial equality across the nation. However, he had other objectives, which included raising awareness in the grassroots. As such, the people in the grassroots

HRM and absence Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

HRM and absence Management - Essay Example In fact in some organizations a culture of absence exists, contends Hayton (2010). It has been found that regular illness occurs on a Monday or a Friday although Monday is a better option for an extended weekend with absenteeism being recorded at 35% against 3 percent on Fridays (Gray, 2010). However, the Office for National Statistics finds that that days lost to sickness were fairly evenly spread across the weekdays (Barham & Begum, 2005). Employers are becoming aware of the direct and indirect cost to organization due to high levels of absenteeism. If absenteeism is left unchecked it impacts organizational morale and productivity (HRM Guide, 2001). Organizations now do have absence management policies but these policies must examine the causes of absence and take remedial action. While devising the policies it must be recognized that employees can be genuinely ill also. Hayday (2006) contends that a certain amount of absence is a part of working life and any absent management poli cy must provide support to those who are legitimately absent. At the same time non-legitimate absence has to be discouraged because absenteeism is proving to be costly for both private and public organizations. The cost of sick-notes in the UK has reached GBP 750 million in lost working days (Macnab, 2011). The number of workers facing disciplinary action has doubled since 2010 and thousands of workers have been dismissed because of poor attendance. More than 17 million days have been lost as a result of workers reporting sick over the last five years. The situation is the same in both the private and the public sector, says Macnab but Thomas (2010) contends that the absence costs are higher in the public sector at ?685 per head for 2009 against ?455 in the private sector services and ?545 in manufacturing and production. NHS Lothian faced a loss of GBP 17 million due to absenteeism in the past five years. Unscheduled worker absenteeism results in about 2 to 4 percent loss of workin g time (Bridges & Mumford, 2001). A study of absenteesim across genders reveals that women with dependents are less likely to be absent but those with children below the age of 2 years would frequently absent from work. One of the most respected surveys of UK absence conducted by CBI/Pfizer Absence and workplace health survey revealed that the economy lost 190 million working days to absence in 2010 with each employee taking about 6.4 days of sick on an average (Paton, 2011). This results in direct cost of ?17 billion to the economy while it does not include the indirect cost such as lower customer service and reduced productivity. Another survey by PricewaterhouseCoopers argues that the average UK salary stands at ?25,000 which means the absenteeism was costing the economy approximately ?32 billion per year based on the finding that an average worker took about ten days of unscheduled absence. This figure too does not take into account the potential replacement costs and the lost p roductivity. The survey results may differ on the figures but what is evident is that unscheduled absenteeism is taking a toll on businesses and demands immediate attention. One in three workers in the UK abuse sick days at work costing the UK economy some ?32 billion (Clarke, 2011). However, handovers and good weather are cited as reasons for absenteeism. Some even plan their vacations in advance and fake symptoms by appearing for work with props to justify their sickness. This report by PwC suggests that a large part of this loss is preventable. One of the ways is to introduce flexible working hours. Hayday (2006) divides the causes of absence under four clusters – health and lifestyle, attitude and stress, workplace, and domestic and kinship.

Biblical Authority Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Biblical Authority - Article Example From this paper it is clear that Wright N.T delivering the lecture at The Laing Lecture 1989, and the Griffith Thomas Lecture 1989, had a goal of justifying that the bible is worth being authoritative and is indeed authoritative because the words of the bible are the words of God and God Himself and that God is perfect and all-knowing enough to give out instructions that would last and be valid till the end of days. Having explained all terminologies involved and visited views of opposing schools of thought, it is in place to say that the author developed his thesis logically. Indeed, the author’s major strength was for him to have attributed all his arguments to biblical relations and paying homage to other people on the other side of his position.This study highlights that the author really composed his thoughts and arguments well. For him to describe God as omniscient, knowing what is good for all humankind in years to come even before the actual time comes would really lea ve very little room for opposing critics. There however remain unanswered questions to me on how the writer justified most schools of thought. This leaves room for so much doubt if the author’s own stand was authoritative enough.  The writer writes a rather accommodating remark on the school of thought that the scripture was made for to address issues of specific times of the world’s existence and so may be justified not to be thought as an authoritative material for our day.

Zelda Fitzgerald Essay -- Biographies Biography Writers Essays

Zelda Fitzgerald Zelda Fitzgerald began life looking forward to what it could offer her. A popular debutante and success at everything she had yet to try enticed her to believe that she was infallible. It was only during her later life that she realized that life, both physically and mentally, had its breaking point. Though many things have been blamed as the cause of her mental breakdown, there is no specific root to her problem. Diagnosed as schizophrenic in 1930, Zelda would be condemned to spending the rest of her life in and out of mental health facilities, the place where she would take her final breath, killed by a fire in 1948. Zelda Fitzgerald’s first breakdown occurred while living abroad in 1929. Insistent on becoming a world-class ballerina Zelda threw her heart and soul into her dancing. Later in life Zelda would admit that she needed dancing, she wanted, â€Å"dancing to be her exclusive possession† (Milford, 152)[1]. After having a life in which she was constantly referred to as F. Scott Fitzgerald’s wife, Zelda imagined dancing to be her own passion, one which could give her a personality separate from simply being a wife. The pinnacle of her first breakdown occurred in April of 1930. Increasingly Zelda’s behavior had been becoming so strange that Scott finally took her too a hospital. Against her doctor’s wishes she soon left and returned to her apartment where she became increasingly more disoriented, complaining of hearing voices and seeing phantoms. Finally, against her wishes Scott instituted her at Les Rives de Pragins. The one thing Zelda missed was her ballet, of it she wrote, â€Å"It was all I had in the world at the time† (Milford, 160). During her first instance of being institut... ... 4)[3] to a sad lonely existence. Whether it was genetics or Scott Fitzgerald to blame for this transformation can never be decided. What Zelda’s illness took away from her and from society was the creative thinker that could never fully be unlocked. Zelda left behind a treasure of short stories, plays, and paintings. Perhaps without her debilitating schizophrenia Zelda Fitzgerald would have been able to create the independent identity for which she so craved. [1] Milford, Nancy. Zelda, Harper Collins, New York, New York, 1970. All further references refer to this edition. [2] Bryer, Jackson. Dear Scott, Dear Zelda, St. Martin’s Press, New York, New York, 2002. All further references refer to this edition. [3] Willett, Erika â€Å"Zelda Sayre Fitzgerald: Artist, Writer, Dancer and Wife†. PBS Biographies. www.pbs.org/kteh/amstorytellers/bios.html

The Problem of Thor Bridge

Other conventions are used in the text yet the previously sites will be discussed in this essay. All of these conventions are evident through Dole's literary features. These crime writing features ensure the text directly conforms to the great detective style of the genre. The text begins with, Watson the central character, detective Sherlock Holmes loyal assistant narrating the previous case they had tackled. This convention of Watson narration is demonstrated in the first line â€Å"there is a travel-worn and battered tin dispatch-box with my name, John H.Watson, M. D†. He then goes on to tell of the achieving of a letter from a clearly distressed male asking for help to protect his girlfriend, reflecting on the convention of a man in distress begging for help with a case. â€Å"l can't explain things-I can't even try to explain them, but I know beyond all doubt that Miss Dunbar is innocent. † The literary technique, first person perspective is used throughout the let ter to describe the situation so that it becomes apparent to the reader that a real man is pleading for help from the talented detective.The story continues as Holmes begins to use his incredible skills of observation to covers clues, when he notices a mark on Thro Bridge, this alone demonstrates the distinctive characteristics of the great detective. The description in the quote â€Å"The stonework was grey, but at this one point It showed white for a space not larger than a sixpence,† it draws attention to his superior surveillance talent. Nearing the conclusion of the story Holmes communicates his discoveries to those partaking In the Incident.This convention Is demonstrated In the final paragraph of the short story â€Å"Then she took one of her husband's revolvers-there was, as you saw, n arsenal In the house-and kept It for her own use. A similar one she concealed that morning In Miss Dunbar wardrobe after discharging one barrel, which she could easily do In the woods without attracting attention. She then went down to the bridge where she had contrived this exceedingly Ingenious method for getting rid of her weapon. When Miss Dunbar appeared she used her last breath In pouring out her hatred, and then, when she was out of hearing, carried out her terrible purpose.Every link Is now In Its place and the chain Is complete† Each convention used and discussed In this essay, demonstrate the style of crime writing written at the time. Closer analysis of salary texts from different periods also begin to show the evolution of the genre over time. The Problem of Thro Bridge By catty case. â€Å"l can't explain things-I can't even try to explain them, but I know beyond all stonework was grey, but at this one point it showed white for a space not larger than partaking in the incident. This convention is demonstrated in the final paragraph of an arsenal in the house-and kept it for her own use.A similar one she concealed that morning in Miss Dunbar wa rdrobe after discharging one barrel, which she could easily do in the woods without attracting attention. She then went down to the bridge where she had contrived this exceedingly ingenious method for getting rid of her weapon. When Miss Dunbar appeared she used her last breath in pouring out her Every link is now in its place and the chain is complete† Each convention used and discussed in this essay, demonstrate the style of crime writing written at the time. Closer analysis of similar texts from different periods also

How and When to Paraphrase Quotations

Paraphrasing is one tool writers use to avoid plagiarism. Along with direct quotations and summaries, its a fair use of another persons work which can be incorporated into your  own writing. At times, you can make more impact by paraphrasing a quotation instead of quoting it verbatim. What Is Paraphrasing? Paraphrasing is a restatement of a quotation using your own words. When you paraphrase, you restate the original authors ideas in your own words. Its important to differentiate paraphrasing from patchwriting; patchwriting is a form of plagiarism in which a writer directly quotes portions of a text (without attribution) and then fills in the gaps with their own words. When Should YouParaphrase? Quoting a source directly can be powerful, but sometimes paraphrasing is a better choice. Usually, paraphrasing makes more sense if: the quotation is long and wordythe quotation itself is poorly writtenthe quotation itself is technical or uses difficult-to-understand or obsolete language An Effective Method of Paraphrasing a Quotation: Before you begin paraphrasing, its important to fully understand the quotation, its context, and any important cultural, political, or hidden meanings. Your job, as a paraphraser, is to accurately convey the authors meaning as well as any subtext. Carefully read the original quotation and make sure to understand its central idea.Note down anything that grabs your attention. If you feel that some element (word, phrase, thought) contributes to the central idea of the quotation, make a note of it.If there are any words, ideas, or meanings that are unclear, look them up. For example, if youre paraphrasing the work of a person from a different culture or time, you may want to look up references to people, places, events, etc. that are not familiar to you.Write a paraphrase in your own words. Meticulously avoid using the original words, phrases, and expression. At the same time, make sure that your words convey the same central idea.If you need to use an interesting word or phrase from the original text, use quotation marks to indicate that it is not your own.Cite the author, the source, and the date given in the text, to credit the owner of the quotation. Remember: Though the words of the paraphrase are your own, the thought behind it isnt. To not mention the authors name is plagiarism. How does a Paraphrase Differ From a Summary? To the untrained eye, a paraphrase and a summary may look alike. A paraphrase, however: May restate  just a single  sentence, idea, or paragraph rather than  an entire  text;May be shorter than or just as long as the original  text;May be used in the context of a wide range of written  materials such as an essay, letter to the editor, article, or book;describes the original text in different words without omitting details. A summary, by contrast: is an abridged version of the entire original text.must be shorter than the original text.always eliminates details, examples, and supporting points.